In What seeds is the GC prominent? In What seeds is the GC prominent? Answer: oil rich seeds (sunflower seeds)
What happens to succinate in GC? What happens to succinate in GC? Answer: can be converted into oxaloacetate and then to glucose
What cycle enables plants and bacteria to convert fats to carbs? What cycle enables plants and bacteria to convert fats to carbs? Answer: glyoxylate cycle
What is the most prominent anapleorotic reaction catalyzed by? What is the most prominent anapleorotic reaction catalyzed by? Answer: pyruvate carboxylase
What are the replenishing reactions called? What are the replenishing reactions called? Answer: anapleurotic reactions
Why must the CAC be capable of being rapidly replenished? Why must the CAC be capable of being rapidly replenished? Answer: because it provides precursors for biosynthesis, reactions to replenish cycle components are required if the energy status of the cell changes
Why is the CAC a key hub in cellular metabolism? Why is the CAC a key hub in cellular metabolism? Answer: it can provide necessary materials for the generation of almost any carbon based molecules needed in the cell
How is the CAC regulated? How is the CAC regulated? Answer: Isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase.
What happens when FADH2 is used to reduce oxygen in the ETC? What happens when FADH2 is used to reduce oxygen in the ETC? Answer: the electrons from FADH2 will generate 1.5 ATP
What happens when NADH is used to reduce oxygen in the ETC? What happens when NADH is used to reduce oxygen in the ETC? Answer: the electrons from NADH will generate 2.5 ATP
What is the general mechanism of CAC? What is the general mechanism of CAC? Answer: oxidation --> hydration --> oxidation
How is another cycle initiated? How is another cycle initiated? Answer: oxaloacetate can condense with another acetyl CoA
What 2 molecules are generated from the regeneration of oxaloacetate? What 2 molecules are generated from the regeneration of oxaloacetate? Answer: FADH2 and NADH
What is regenerated by the oxidation of succinate? What is regenerated by the oxidation of succinate? Answer: oxaloacetate, catalyzed by succinate dehydrogenase, fumarate, and malate dehydrogenase
What is generated from succinyl CoA? What is generated from succinyl CoA? Answer: a compound with a high phosphoric transfer potential, only step of CAC where this happens
What is formed by the oxidative decarboxylation of alpha-ketoglutarate? What is formed by the oxidative decarboxylation of alpha-ketoglutarate? Answer: succinyl CoA, catalyzed by alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, generates NADH
What happens to isocitrate? What happens to isocitrate? Answer: oxidized and decarboxylated to alpha-ketoglutarate
What enzyme catalyzes isomerization of isocitrate from citrate? What enzyme catalyzes isomerization of isocitrate from citrate? Answer: aconitase
What is the name and role of the reaction intermediate in conformational change? What is the name and role of the reaction intermediate in conformational change? Answer: citric CoA causes structural change that completes the active site formation
How are structural changes induced in citrate synthase? How are structural changes induced in citrate synthase? Answer: binding of oxaloacetate, leads to the formation of acetyl CoA binding site