A _________ is a particle of electromagnetic radiation having zero mass and carrying a quantum of energy.

A _________ is a particle of electromagnetic radiation having zero mass and carrying a quantum of energy. 

A. spectrum
B. Planck's constant
C. photon
D. Lyman series

Answer: C

_______ describes mathematically the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles.

_______ describes mathematically the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles. 

A. Newtonian mechanics
B. Quantum theory
C. Calculus
D. Heisenberg principle

Answer: B

_______ is the distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves.

_______ is the distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves. 

A. frequency
B. amplitude
C. wavelength
D. hertz

Answer: C

This scientist is credited with first proposing a dual wave-particle nature for the electron?

This scientist is credited with first proposing a dual wave-particle nature for the electron? 

A. Schrodinger
B. Rutherford
C. Einstein
D. DeBroglie

Answer: D

Neutrons were discovered by ________.

Neutrons were discovered by ________. 

A. Thomson
B. Chadwick
C. Rutherford
D. Goldstein

Answer: B

The nucleus of an atom was discovered by ____________.

The nucleus of an atom was discovered by ____________. 

A. Thomson
B. Chadwick
C. Rutherford
D. Goldstein

Answer: C

_______ first proposed the plum-pudding model of the atom.

_______ first proposed the plum-pudding model of the atom. 

A. Thomson
B. Dalton
C. Milikan
D. Rutherford

Answer: A

English physicist JJ Thomson discovered the ___________.

English physicist JJ Thomson discovered the ___________. 

A. proton
B. electron
C. nucleus
D. neutron

Answer: B

The first person to measure the charge of an electron was ___________.

The first person to measure the charge of an electron was ___________. 

A. Milikan
B. Thomson
C. Rutherford
D. Einsten

Answer: A

_______ refers to the closeness of measurements to the correct or accepted value of the quantity measured.

_______ refers to the closeness of measurements to the correct or accepted value of the quantity measured. 

A. precision
B. accuracy
C. sharpness
D. distance

Answer: B

________ is the amount of space occupied by an object.

________ is the amount of space occupied by an object. 

A. mass
B. density
C. volume
D. pressure

Answer: C

The lowest energy state of an atom is its ____________.

The lowest energy state of an atom is its ____________. 

A. excited state
B. based condition
C. line-emission
D. ground state

Answer: D

Atoms of the same element with different masses are called __________.

Atoms of the same element with different masses are called __________. 

A. periods
B. Isotopes
C. sister elements
D. atomic siblings

Answer: B

The atomic number of an element is the number of _________ in each atom of that element.

The atomic number of an element is the number of _________ in each atom of that element. 

A. protons
B. neutrons
C. electrons
D. orbitals

Answer: A

The scientist's atomic theory was a starting point for many later discoveries about the atom.

The scientist's atomic theory was a starting point for many later discoveries about the atom. 

A. Milikan
B. Thomson
C. Rutherford
D. Dalton

Answer: D

The law of _______________ states that if two or more different compounds are composed of the same two elements, then the ratio of the masses of the second element combined with a certain mass of the first element is always a ratio of small whole numbers.

The law of _______________ states that if two or more different compounds are composed of the same two elements, then the ratio of the masses of the second element combined with a certain mass of the first element is always a ratio of small whole numbers. 

A. conservation of mass
B. definite proportions
C. conservation of energy
D. multiple proportions

Answer: D

The substances formed by a chemical reaction are called _______________.

The substances formed by a chemical reaction are called _______________. 

A. reactants
B. chemical waste
C. solids
D. products

Answer: D

A ____________ property relates to a substance's ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances.

A ____________ property relates to a substance's ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances. 

A. chemical
B. physical
C. rental
D. intensive

Answer: A

A solid has a definite shape and ________

A solid has a definite shape and ________ 

A. color
B. volume
C. crystalline structure
D. price per ounce

Answer: B

A(n)_____ is the smallest unit of an element that maintains that chemical identity of that element.

A(n)_____ is the smallest unit of an element that maintains that chemical identity of that element.

A. compound
B. proton
C. quark
D. atom

Answer: D

Matter is _______________.

Matter is _______________. 

A. anything that is important
B. everything ever discovered by science
C. anything that has mass and takes up space
D. a scientific anomaly that occurs during certain chemical reactions

Answer: C

A ______ of energy is the minimum quantity of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom.

A ______ of energy is the minimum quantity of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom. 

A. photon
B. spectrum
C. hertz
D. quantum

Answer: D

The Group 18 elements are called the

The Group 18 elements are called the 

A. halogens
B. noble gases
C. alkali metals
D. last group

Answer: B

The _____ effect refers to the emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on the metal.

The _____ effect refers to the emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on the metal.

A. quantum
B. spectral
C. wave-like
D. photoelectric

Answer: D

A _______ is a particle of electromagnetic radiation having zero mass and carrying a quantum of energy.

A _______ is a particle of electromagnetic radiation having zero mass and carrying a quantum of energy. 

a. spectrum
b. Planck's constant
c. photon
d. Lyman series

Answer: C

The lowest energy state of an atom its ______ state.

The lowest energy state of an atom its ______ state. 

a. ground
b. excited
c. zero
d. base

Answer: A

_______ describes mathematically the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles.

_______ describes mathematically the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles. 

a. newtonian mechanics
b. quantum theory
c. calculus
D. heisenberg principles

Answer: B

_______ is the distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves.

_______ is the distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves. 

A. frequency
B. amplitude
C. wavelength
D. hertz

Answer: C

What is the speed of light?

What is the speed of light? 

A. 3 • 10^6
B. 3.00 •10^8 m/s1
C. 6.022 • 10^23 cm/s
D. 2.11 • 10^11 m/s

Answer: B

This scientist is credited with first proposing a dual wave-particle nature for the electron?

This scientist is credited with first proposing a dual wave-particle nature for the electron? 

A. Schrodinger
B. Rutherford
C. Einstein
D. DeBroglie

Answer: D

D-block elements are __________.

D-block elements are __________. 

A. nonmetals
B. metalloids
C. both metals and nonmetals
D. metals

Answer: D

Which of the following elements has the largest atomic radius?

Which of the following elements has the largest atomic radius? 

A. hydrogen
B. chlorine
C. francium
D. bismuth

Answer: C

Second ionization energies are ___than first ionization energies.

Second ionization energies are ___than first ionization energies. 

A. lower
B. the same
C. higher
D. sometimes lower, sometimes higher

Answer: C

A positively charged ion is called a ________?

A positively charged ion is called a ________?

A. cation
B. anoin
C. plusion
D. positron

Answer: A

The energy change that occurs when an electron is acquired by a neutral atom is called the atom's

The energy change that occurs when an electron is acquired by a neutral atom is called the atom's 

A. ionization energy
B. electronegativity
C. electron affinity
D. heat of combustion

Answer: C

The electronegativities of f-block elements

The electronegativities of f-block elements 

A. are similar
B. vary widely
C. are exactly the same
D. equal zero

Answer: A

______ electrons are available to be lost, gained, or shared in the formation of chemical compounds.

______ electrons are available to be lost, gained, or shared in the formation of chemical compounds. 

A. Core
B. Valence
C. Ionic
D. Electronegative

Answer: B

_____ may be defined as one-half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together.

_____ may be defined as one-half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together. 

A. Electron affinity
B. electronegativity
C. Atomic radius
D. Nuclear distance

Answer: C

The elements in Group 1 are known as the _____?

The elements in Group 1 are known as the _____? 

A. alkaline-earth metals
B. alkali metals
C. halogens
D. lanthanides

Answer: B

Which group of elements is designated as the halogens?

Which group of elements is designated as the halogens? 

A. Group 1
B. Group 2
C. Group 13
D. Group 17

Answer: D

What name is sometimes used to refer to the entire set of d-block elements?

What name is sometimes used to refer to the entire set of d-block elements? 

A. transition elements
B. representative elements
C. inner transition elements
D. main group elements

Answer: A

The first periodic table was published by ______.

The first periodic table was published by ______. 

A. Cannizzaro
B. Rutherford
C. Moseley
D. Mendeleev

Answer: D

Which of the following elements has the highest electronegativity?

Which of the following elements has the highest electronegativity? 

A. oxygen
B. hydrogen
C. fluorine
D. carbon

Answer: C

In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged according to_____.

In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged according to_____. 

A. decreasing atomic mass
B. Mendeleev's original model
C. increasing atomic number
D. when they were discovered

Answer: C

Covalent molecular crystals have very low melting points, while covalent network crystals have a very high melting point because

Covalent molecular crystals have very low melting points, while covalent network crystals have a very high melting point because 

A. the forces that hold molecules together in molecular crystals are weaker than those that hold molecules or atoms together in network crystals
B. there are more molecules in molecular crystals than in network crystals
C. network crystals are more intricate crystals
D. molecular crystals can be either polar or nonpolar, while network crystals are always nonpolar

Answer: A

Water has an unusually high molar enthalpy of vaporization because of its ___________.

Water has an unusually high molar enthalpy of vaporization because of its ___________. 

A. covalent nature
B. hydrogen bonding
C. ionic interactions
D. polar nature

Answer: B

If a gas and a liquid are at the same temperature and pressure, diffusion occurs much faster in the gas because ________________.

If a gas and a liquid are at the same temperature and pressure, diffusion occurs much faster in the gas because ________________. 

A. there are more elastic collisions between the particles in a gas
B. gases are more compressible
C. the particles move faster in a gas and there is a greater distance between them
D. gas particles are in continuous motion

Answer: C

Under which conditions does a real gas behave very much like an ideal gas?

Under which conditions does a real gas behave very much like an ideal gas? 

A. high temperature and low pressure
B. high temperature and high pressure
C. low temperature and high pressure
D. low temperature and low pressure

Answer: A

The __________ of a substance indicates the temperature and pressure conditions at which the solid, liquid, and vapor of a substance can coexist at equilibrium.

The __________ of a substance indicates the temperature and pressure conditions at which the solid, liquid, and vapor of a substance can coexist at equilibrium. 

A. maximum equilibrium
B. triple point
C. triphase point
D. critical point

Answer: B

Which of the following changes of state is exothermic?

Which of the following changes of state is exothermic? 

A. boiling
B. freezing
C. sublimation
D. evaporation

Answer: B

The attraction of the surface of a liquid to the surface of a solid is termed ________

The attraction of the surface of a liquid to the surface of a solid is termed ________ 

A. surface tension
B. capillary action
C. diffusion
D. effusion

Answer: B

The amount of energy as the heat required to melt one mole of solid at the solid's melting point is the solid's

The amount of energy as the heat required to melt one mole of solid at the solid's melting point is the solid's 

A. molar enthalpy of vaporization
B. sublimation energy
C. critical temperature
D. molar enthalpy of fusion

Answer: D

The normal _________ point is the temperature at which the solid and liquid are in equilibrium at 1 atm.

The normal _________ point is the temperature at which the solid and liquid are in equilibrium at 1 atm. 

A. boiling
B. freezing
C. sublimation
D. vaporization

Answer: B

______ liquids are liquids that evaporate readily.

______ liquids are liquids that evaporate readily. 

A. Volatile
B. Fluid
C. Gaseous
D. Boiling

Answer: A

In ______________ crystals each atom is covalently bonded to its nearest neighboring atoms.

In ______________ crystals each atom is covalently bonded to its nearest neighboring atoms. 

A. ionic
B. covalent network
C. metallic
D. covalent molecular

Answer: B

Spontaneous mixing of the particles of two substances caused by their random motion is called _______.

Spontaneous mixing of the particles of two substances caused by their random motion is called _______. 

A. diffusion
B. effusion
C. mixamotion
D. fluidity

Answer: A