Describe the experiment used to test the proton-motive force. Draw it.
Answer: Used light sensitive bacteriorhodopsin protein incorporated on one end of a vesicle membrane, ATP synthase on the other. The protein is closed when in the dark. Put a high concentration on H+ ions and ADP + Pi outside the vesicle. Then shine light on the vesicle. They found that the ATP was produced. So the proton motive force is coupled with ATP synthesis.
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Biochemistry
- How do liver and heart cells transport NADHs from glycolysis into the mit matrix and why do these still produce the full 2.5 ATPs?
- In the aldol cleavage of Fructose 1,6 bis phosphate to DHAP and GAP, why is there 96% DHAP?
- Why does the c ring rotate?
- Describe how ATP hydrolysis (the reverse reaction) can be visualized.
- Describe how the gamma and beta subunits of ATP synthase interact to allow ATP formation.
- Describe the structure of ATP synthase.
- Describe the action on Complex IV.
- Describe how Complex III makes QH2 give up its protons.
- What is ubiquinone versus ubiquinol?
- Why does each NADH give 2.5 ATPs but each FADH2 only gives 1.5.
- What are the two special things about Complex II.
- Describe the flow of NADH's electrons.
- Describe the structure of Complex I.
- What is the respirasome?