Predict the charge on the monatomic ions formed from the following atoms in binary ionic compounds: i) P, ii) Mg, iii) Al, iv) O, v) Cl
(a) P2-; Mg2+; Al2+; O-; Cl-
(b) P3-; Mg2+; Al3+; O2-; Cl-
(c) P3+; Mg2+; Al3-; O2+; Cl-
(d) P3-; Mg2+; Al3-; O2+; Cl-
(e) P5+; Mg2+; Al2-; O2+; Cl-
Answer: (b) P3-; Mg2+; Al3+; O2-; Cl-
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Chemistry
- Gas behavior is based on the following assumptions of the _______
- If bond order is greater than ____, then the substance can exist.
- p orbitals combine to form one ____ and one _____ molecular orbital and two _____ and two ____ molecular orbitals
- s orbitals combine to form a ____ and a ___ molecular orbital.
- _____ tells if a bond between two atoms is favorable. Anything greater than 0 is favorable.
- Atomic orbitals are described by _____ functions: combine constructively and destructively.
- ______ are generated by the combination of atomic orbitals from different atoms.
- A ________ is an orbital for a molecule rather than an atomic orbital.
- _____ is repelled and has all paired electrons.
- ______ is attracted to magnetic field and has unpaired electrons.
- ____-bonds restrict rotation of parts of the molecule, because the unhybridized p-orbitals must remain parallel.
- A ____-bond is generated from overlap of parallel unhybridized p orbitals.
- A _____-bond is generated from direct overlap of hybridized or unhybridized orbitals.
- In a double bond, the second pair of electrons is shared between parallel (unhybridized) p orbitals. this type of bond is called a __ bond.
- In a double bond, one pair of electrons is shared between axially overlapping orbitals (hybridized or unhybridized). this type of bond is called a _____ bond.
- The number of hybrid orbitals required by an atom is equivalent to the number of ________
- _____ of the atomic orbitals - the valence atomic orbitals combine to generate equivalent hybrid orbitals.
- A ______ bond is generated by overlap of two orbitals, one from each bonding atom.
- If any of the pairs is non-bonding or bonded to a different atom, then it will likely be _____
- If all of the electron pairs around the central atom are bonding to the same atoms, then it is likely _______
- The ______ bonds must be asymmetrically arranged around a central atom - the dipole moments of each polar bond cannot cancel each other out.
- A central atom has a non-bonding pair, a single bond, and a double bond. What is the approximate bond angle?
- A central atom has a non-bonding pair, a single bond, and a double bond. What is the molecular geometry?
- A central atom has a non-bonding pair, a single bond, and a double bond. What is the electron domain geometry?
- The _______ the bond order, the more space the domain requires due to greater electron - electron repulsion.