How many years does it take for an amount of water equal to the entire volume of the ocean to cycle through hydrothermal vents?

How many years does it take for an amount of water equal to the entire volume of the ocean to cycle through hydrothermal vents?W)1000 yearsX) 100,000...

Why are chelators important to marine organisms?

Why are chelators important to marine organisms?W) They absorb sunlightX) They bind trace metalsY) They prevent sinkingZ) They enhance feedingAnswer:...

What environmentally harmful isotope was produced during the 1954 'Bravo' thermonuclear detonation at Bikini Atoll?

What environmentally harmful isotope was produced during the 1954 'Bravo' thermonuclear detonation at Bikini Atoll?W)Uranium 238X) Nitrogen-15Y) Cesium...

Which two molecules increase in concentration in deep water as it travels from the North Atlantic to the North Pacific ocean?

Which two molecules increase in concentration in deep water as it travels from the North Atlantic to the North Pacific ocean?W)Oxygen and nitrateX) Nitrate...

What is the most abundant excess volatile on Earth?

What is the most abundant excess volatile on Earth?W)Carbon dioxideX) Water VaporY) ChlorineZ) NitrogenAnswer:&nbs...

Which of the following primarily causes the variation in the salinity of seawater?

Which of the following primarily causes the variation in the salinity of seawater?W)Carbon dioxideX) Sodium ionsY) Chloride ionsZ) Water moleculesAns...

Which three factors are responsible for hypoxic zones in the northern Gulf of Mexico?

Which three factors are responsible for hypoxic zones in the northern Gulf of Mexico?W)Pesticide-laden runoff, high winds, and strong currentsX) Coastal...

What does a chemical equation with a negative delta G indicate?

What does a chemical equation with a negative delta G indicate?W)Releasing energy and not spontaneousX) Endothermic and spontaneousY) Exothermic and may...

In methane hydrates, what traps the methane gas?

In methane hydrates, what traps the methane gas?W)Carbon dioxideX) WaterY) ArgonZ) OxygenAnswer:&nbs...

What is the salinity range where you would find the turbidity maximum in an estuary?

What is the salinity range where you would find the turbidity maximum in an estuary?W)1 to 5 ppmX) 5 to 15 ppmY) 15 to ppmZ) 25 to 35 ppmAnswer:&nbs...

What does the Law of Constancy of Composition state?

What does the Law of Constancy of Composition state?W)The relative proportion of ions and their concentrations are virtually constantX) The relative proportions...

Generally, what are conservative elements in seawater?

Generally, what are conservative elements in seawater?W) Major componentsX) Minor componentsY) Easily dissolvedZ) Used in photosynthetic activityAnsw...

How does increasing atmospheric pressure affect the boiling point of water?

How does increasing atmospheric pressure affect the boiling point of water?W)The boiling point decreasesX) The boiling point does not changeY) The boiling...

Which type of heat changes the state of a substance, but does not raise its temperature?

Which type of heat changes the state of a substance, but does not raise its temperature?W) Transforming heatX) Sensible heatY) Latent heatZ) Converting...

What is the average salinity of the world's oceans?

What is the average salinity of the world's oceans?W)10X) 25Y) 35Z) 50Answer:&nbs...

What type of reaction is cellular respiration considered?

What type of reaction is cellular respiration considered?W)EndothermicX) CatalyticY) InorganicZ) ExothermicAnswer:&nbs...

How is organic matter produced in the ocean classified?

How is organic matter produced in the ocean classified?W)AllochthnonousX) AutochthonousY) TerrigenousZ) HydrogenousAnswer:&nbs...

Lead-210 with a half-life of 22 years cannot be used to determine the sedimentation of deep-ocean sediments because:

Lead-210 with a half-life of 22 years cannot be used to determine the sedimentation of deep-ocean sediments because:W)its half-life is too shortX) its...

The basic compounds of acid waves are permanent wave solution, activator, and:

The basic compounds of acid waves are permanent wave solution, activator, and:a. conditionerb. stabilizerc. neutralizerd. ShampooAnswer: Neutral...

Mild-strength relaxers are formulated for:

Mild-strength relaxers are formulated for:a. normal hair texture with a medium natural curlb. fine, color-treated, or damaged hairc. very course, extremely...

Japanese thermal straightening:

Japanese thermal straightening:a. is a recommended service for extremely curly hairb. usually takes about 30 minutesc. is appropriate for all color-treated...

When rinsing the hair for a permanent wave, it is recommended that you:

When rinsing the hair for a permanent wave, it is recommended that you:a. never rinse for longer than 20 secondsb. make sure the hair is still moderately...

What is the most common neutralizer?

What is the most common neutralizer?a. ammoniab. hydrogen peroxidec. sodium chlorided. distilled waterAnswer: Hydrogen Perox...

Which type of perm is recommended for very damaged hair?

Which type of perm is recommended for very damaged hair?a. true acid waveb. exothermic wavec. ammonia-free waved. alkaline waveAnswer: True Acid...

A(n) ____ uses an endothermic process.

A(n) ____ uses an endothermic process.a. alkaline waveb. thio-free wavec. low-pH waved. acid-balanced waveAnswer: Low-pH W...

Which of these is NOT one of the three main components of an exothermic wave?

Which of these is NOT one of the three main components of an exothermic wave?a. permanent waving solutionb. neutralizerc. activatorsd. concentratorAn...

Most of the acid waves found in today's salons have a pH between:

Most of the acid waves found in today's salons have a pH between:a. 7.8 and 8.2b. 9.5 and 10.5c. 3.8 and 4.2d. 4.5 and 5.5Answer: 7.8 and ...

A pH of 7.0 is ____ than the pH of hair.

A pH of 7.0 is ____ than the pH of hair.a. 10 times more alkalineb. 100 times more alkalinec. 10 times more acidicd. 100 times more acidicAnswer: 100...

Manufacturers ass an alkalizing agent to waving solutions because the acid in them:

Manufacturers ass an alkalizing agent to waving solutions because the acid in them:a. swells the hairb. penetrates into the cortexc. both swells the hair...

The reducing agent used in permanent waving solutions is commonly referred to as:

The reducing agent used in permanent waving solutions is commonly referred to as:a. hydroxideb. thioc. sulfated. disulfideAnswer: T...

Hydrogen bonds can be broken by:

Hydrogen bonds can be broken by:a. only waterb. only heatc. either water or heatd. neither water nor heatAnswer: Either Water or H...

The process by which hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair is called:

The process by which hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair is called:a. lanthioizationb. permanent wavingc. normalizationd. disulfide bondsA...

Long chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds are known as:

Long chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds are known as:a. neutralization chainsb. monopepetide chainsc. amino acidsd. polypeptide chainsAnswer: Polypeptide...

Which of these stops the action of the waving solution and rebuilds the hair into its new curly form?

Which of these stops the action of the waving solution and rebuilds the hair into its new curly form?a. lanthionizationb. thio neutralizationc. hydroxide...

A _____ is a type of wrap in which the hair is wrapped on one rod from the scalp to midway down the hair shaft.

A _____ is a type of wrap in which the hair is wrapped on one rod from the scalp to midway down the hair shaft.a. spiral perm wrapb. double flat wrapc....

Which of these terms refers to the position of the rod in relation to its base section?

Which of these terms refers to the position of the rod in relation to its base section?a. base altitudeb. half off-base placementc. base directiond. base...

The ____ is the tough exterior layer of the hair.

The ____ is the tough exterior layer of the hair.a. cuticleb. medullac. based. cortexAnswer: Cuti...

Which if these terms refers to the thickness or thinness of a liquid?

Which if these terms refers to the thickness or thinness of a liquid?a. durationb. viscosityc. intensityd. amperageAnswer: Viscos...

Which rods are equal in diameter along their entire length or curling area?

Which rods are equal in diameter along their entire length or curling area?a. straight rodsb. loop rodsc. concave rodsd. convex rodsAnswer: Straight...

Which of these are commonly known as lye relaxers?

Which of these are commonly known as lye relaxers?a. metal hydroxide relaxersb. carbonate hydroxide relaxersc. sodium hydroxide relaxersd. iron hydroxide...

A ____ is a wrapping pattern in which all the rods within a panel move in the same direction and are positioned on equal-sized bases.

A ____ is a wrapping pattern in which all the rods within a panel move in the same direction and are positioned on equal-sized bases.a. basic permanent...

A ___ is a type of wrap that uses one end paper folded in half over that hair ends like an envelope.

A ___ is a type of wrap that uses one end paper folded in half over that hair ends like an envelope.a. basic permanent wrapb. curature permanent wrapc....

Which of these terms refers to the angle at which the rod is positioned on the head?

Which of these terms refers to the angle at which the rod is positioned on the head?a. base placementb. base directionc. base insertiond. base reductionAnswer: Base...

The middle layer of the hair is the:

The middle layer of the hair is the:a. medullab. cuticlec. cortexd. baseAnswer: Cor...

Which type of relaxer requires that application of a protective base cream to the entire scalp prior to the application of the relaxer?

Which type of relaxer requires that application of a protective base cream to the entire scalp prior to the application of the relaxer?a. hydroxide relaxerb....

Which of these is a method of hair straightening that combines that use of a thio relaxer with flat ironing?

Which of these is a method of hair straightening that combines that use of a thio relaxer with flat ironing?a. weave teachniqueb. japanese thermal straighteningc....

A ____ is a type of perm wrap in which the hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod.

A ____ is a type of perm wrap in which the hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod.a. spiral perm wrapb. straight...

The chemical bonds that join amino acids together are called:

The chemical bonds that join amino acids together are called:a.hydrogen bondsb. peptide bondsc. disulfide bondsd. thio bondsAnswer: Peptide Bo...

The partings and bases radiate throughout the panels to follow the curvature of the head in which type of wrap?

The partings and bases radiate throughout the panels to follow the curvature of the head in which type of wrap?a. bricklay permanent wrapb. double flat...

The ____ is the innermost layer of the hair.

The ____ is the innermost layer of the hair.a. cortexb. basec. medullad. cuticleAnswer: Medu...

Thioglycolic acid:

Thioglycolic acid:a. has no odorb. is a common reducing agentc. is dark in colord. has a pleasant scentAnswer: Is A Common Reducing Ag...

Which type of rods are usually about 12 inches long with a uniform diameter along the entire length?

Which type of rods are usually about 12 inches long with a uniform diameter along the entire length?a. straight rodsb. loop rodsc. soft bender rodsd....

A ____ is a perm wrap in which one end paper is placed under and another is placed over the strand of hair being wrapped.

A ____ is a perm wrap in which one end paper is placed under and another is placed over the strand of hair being wrapped.a. double flap wrapb. double-rod...

If the client's hair has been treated with a hydroxide relaxer, it:

If the client's hair has been treated with a hydroxide relaxer, it:a. has disulfide bonds that are in the process of reformingb. has strong disulfide...

Relaxers are:

Relaxers are:a. extremely alkalineb. extremely acidicc. mildly alkalined. mildly acidicAnswer: Extremely Alkal...

With extremely curly hair, the twists are the ___:

With extremely curly hair, the twists are the ___:a. thickest and strongestb. thinnest and weakestc. mildly alkalined. mildly acidicAnswer: Thinnest...

With permanent waving, it is recommended that you:

With permanent waving, it is recommended that you:a. perm hair that has previously been treated with hydroxide relaxersb. perm excessively damaged hairc....

In permanent waving, most of the processing takes place within:

In permanent waving, most of the processing takes place within:a. 5- 10 minutesb. 10-20 minutesc. 20-30 minutesd. 45-60 minutesAnswer: 5- 10 min...

Ammonia-free waves:

Ammonia-free waves:a. have a very strong odorb. are very acidicc. contain some ammoniad. can be damangingAnswer: Can be Damag...

True acid waves:

True acid waves:a. have a pH between 5.5 and 8.0b. require heat to processc. process very quicklyd. produce a very firm curlAnswer: Require Heat...

GMTG, the primary reducing agent in all acid waves, has:

GMTG, the primary reducing agent in all acid waves, has:a. no pHb. a neutral pHc. a high pHd. a low pHAnswer: A Low...

Porous hair:

Porous hair:a. is difficult to penetrateb. should never be permedc. can be damaged by a highly alkaline permanent waving solutiond. can be damaged be...

When should you perform as elasticity test?

When should you perform as elasticity test?a. before perming the hairb. while perming the hairc. after perming the haird. neverAnswer: Before Perming...

Chemical texturizers ____ the pH of the hair.

Chemical texturizers ____ the pH of the hair.a. loxerb. raisec. neutralized. do not affectAnswer: Ra...

Which of these permanent waves processes at room temperature?

Which of these permanent waves processes at room temperature?a. ammonia-free waveb. exothermic wavec. low-pH waved. true acid waveAnswer: Ammonia-Free...

For on-base placement, the hair is wrapped at a _____ angle beyond perpendicular to its base section, and the rod is positioned on its base.

For on-base placement, the hair is wrapped at a _____ angle beyond perpendicular to its base section, and the rod is positioned on its base.a. 180 degreesb....

Which type of rod is also commonly known as a circle rod?

Which type of rod is also commonly known as a circle rod?a. loop rodsb. soft bender rodsc. concave rodsd. straight rodsAnswer: Concave R...

Which type of bonds are relatively weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between negative and positive electrical charges?

Which type of bonds are relatively weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between negative and positive electrical charges?a. disulfide...

Lithium hydroxide relaxers and potassium hydroxide relaxers are often advertised and sold as:

Lithium hydroxide relaxers and potassium hydroxide relaxers are often advertised and sold as:a. conditioner relaxersb. no-lye relaxersc. no chemical relaxersd....

Which type of relaxer contains one component and is used without any additional mixing?

Which type of relaxer contains one component and is used without any additional mixing?a. thio relaxersb. lye-based relaxersc. metal hydroxide relaxersd....

Hydroxide ions left in the hair after a relaxer can be neutralized using a(n):

Hydroxide ions left in the hair after a relaxer can be neutralized using a(n):a. acid-balanced shampoob. conditioning rinsec. thio neutralizerd. acid-free...

Thio chemical relaxers usually have a pH value above:

Thio chemical relaxers usually have a pH value above:a. 5b. 10c. 9d. 6Answer: ...

The process of rearranging extremely curly hair into a straighter or smoother form is:

The process of rearranging extremely curly hair into a straighter or smoother form is:a. chemical hair relaxingb. chemical smoothingc. continuationd....

Permanent wave solution should be rinsed from the hair for a minimum of:

Permanent wave solution should be rinsed from the hair for a minimum of:a. 2 minutesb. 10 minutesc. 15 minutesd. 5 minutesAnswer: 5 minu...

An endothermic wave must be activated using a(n):

An endothermic wave must be activated using a(n):a. ammonia lotionb. outside heat sourcec. sulfite sourced. reducing agentAnswer: Outside Heat S...

The basic compounds of acid waves are permanent wave solution, activator, and:

The basic compounds of acid waves are permanent wave solution, activator, and:a. conditionerb. stabilizerc. neutralizerd. shampooAnswer: Neutral...

Most alkaline permanent waved have a pH between:

Most alkaline permanent waved have a pH between:a. 9.0 and 9.6b. 10.0 and 10.8c. 8.0 and 9.0d. 7.6 and 8.4Answer: 9.0 and ...

A reduction reaction involves either the addition of hydrogen or removal of:

A reduction reaction involves either the addition of hydrogen or removal of:a. oxygenb. peroxidec. carbond. nitrogenAnswer: Oxy...

The two basic types of wrapping hair around a perm rod are the spiral method and:

The two basic types of wrapping hair around a perm rod are the spiral method and:a. loop methodb. croquignole methodc. placement methodd. horizontal methodAnswer: Croquignole...

The technique of wrapping at a 90 degree angle or straight out from the center is:

The technique of wrapping at a 90 degree angle or straight out from the center is:a. half off-base placementb. on-base placementc. off-base placementd....

In permanent waving, the size of the curl is determined by the:

In permanent waving, the size of the curl is determined by the:a. position of the rodb. length of the hairc. wrapping of the rodd. size of the rodAnswer: Size...

The natural pH of hair is:

The natural pH of hair is:a. 4.0b. 5.0c. 7.0d. 8.0Answer: ...

The layer of the hair that provides strength and elasticity is the:

The layer of the hair that provides strength and elasticity is the:a. medullab. regularc. cortexd. arrectorAnswer: Cor...

The chemical texture service that loosens overly curly hair into loose curls or waves is:

The chemical texture service that loosens overly curly hair into loose curls or waves is:a. curl softeningb. curl re-formationc. alternate wavingd. swelling...

The molecule most commonly split out between monomers to make a condensation polymer is

The molecule most commonly split out between monomers to make a condensation polymer isA) H2O.B) NH3.C) HCl.D) H2S.Answer: A) H...

Which of the following statements about addition and condensation polymers is true?

Which of the following statements about addition and condensation polymers is true?A) Both addition polymers and condensation polymers contain all of...

Which of the following is a condensation polymer?

Which of the following is a condensation polymer?A) polyvinyl chlorideB) polyurethaneC) polyethyleneD) PlexiglassAnswer: B) polyureth...

Which of the following is/are condensation polymers?

Which of the following is/are condensation polymers?A) polyamideB) polyurethaneC) polyesterD) All are condensation polymers.Answer: D) All are condensation...