What are the reagents needed for Lithium Aluminum Hydride reduction of carboxylic acids? What is the overall result?

What are the reagents needed for Lithium Aluminum Hydride reduction of carboxylic acids? What is the overall result?

Answer:


1. LiAlH4, Diethyl Ether

2. H2O; Carboxylic acid group is changed into an alcohol group

Name 3 reactions of carboxylic acids presented in the chapter:

Name 3 reactions of carboxylic acids presented in the chapter:

Answer: Formation of acyl chlorides, Lithium Aluminum Hydride Reduction, Fischer esterification.

Name three reactions given by the chapter which you can use to synthesize carboxylic acids without adding a carbon to the parent chain:

Name three reactions given by the chapter which you can use to synthesize carboxylic acids without adding a carbon to the parent chain:

Answer: Side-chain oxidation of alkylbenzenes, Oxidation of primary alcohols, Oxidation of aldehydes. All three only need the reagent KMnO4 or K2Cr2O7 followed by acid workup(H2SO4)

How do you decarboxylate malonic acid?

How do you decarboxylate malonic acid?

Answer: Heat it above its melting point. CO2 just disappears from one of the carboxylic acid groups, and the rest of the molecule looks the same.

How are lactones named?

How are lactones named?

Answer: Replace -oic with -olide, and identify its oxygenated carbon by number

What are "lactones"?

What are "lactones"?

Answer: Intramolecular esters. Formed by hydoxy acids (compounds containing both a hydroxyl and a carboxylic acid function)