Chemistry MC: June 2018

Archive for June 2018

There are several chemical classification tests that can discern the difference between aldehydes and ketones, and also provide partial structure determination. Identify the components of the iodoform test reagent by dragging the reagent labels into the box.

There are several chemical classification tests that can discern the difference between aldehydes and ketones, and also provide partial structure determination....

The nitrating mixture of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids is very corrosive. Nitric acid will burn and stain your skin yellow, while sulfuric acid will cause serious dehydrating tissue damage. Which of the following actions should you follow if you spill the nitrating mix on your jeans?

The nitrating mixture of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids is very corrosive. Nitric acid will burn and stain your skin yellow, while sulfuric...

There are several chemical classification tests that can discern the difference between aldehydes and ketones, and also provide partial structure determination. Identify the components of the Schiff's test reagent by dragging the reagent labels into the box.

There are several chemical classification tests that can discern the difference between aldehydes and ketones, and also provide partial structure determination....

The use of rinse acetone to remove traces of water from glassware is a very common laboratory technique. When performing qualitative tests in glass test tubes, such as Iodoform test or dinitrophenylhydrazine test, why should you avoid rinsing the glassware with acetone prior this experiment?

The use of rinse acetone to remove traces of water from glassware is a very common laboratory technique. When performing qualitative tests in glass...

Only one aldehyde gives a positive test with the iodoform test. What is the name and structure?

Only one aldehyde gives a positive test with the iodoform test. What is the name and structure? Answer: Acetaldehy...

The safety hazard warning for Acetyl chloride labels it as a lachrymator. Which of the following statements best defines what a lachrymator is?

The safety hazard warning for Acetyl chloride labels it as a lachrymator. Which of the following statements best defines what a lachrymator is? Answer: exposure...

A reaction was performed, and the dichloromethane solvent was dried by adding magnesium sulfate drying agent. When the reaction flask was shaken, it was observed that the magnesium sulfate swirled around freely at the bottom of the flask. What does this observation indicate?

A reaction was performed, and the dichloromethane solvent was dried by adding magnesium sulfate drying agent. When the reaction flask was shaken, it...

Which of the following statements is false about Grignard Reaction?

Which of the following statements is false about Grignard Reaction? a. The Grignard reagent may be viewed as a strong base. b. Grignard reagents are...

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required to convert dibenzyl ketone and benzil into tetraphenylcyclopentadienone.

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required to convert dibenzyl ketone and benzil into tetraphenylcyclopentadienone. 1) equip...

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required to prepare indigo from nitrobenzaldehyde and acetone in base, and then test its ability as a dye.

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required to prepare indigo from nitrobenzaldehyde and acetone in base, and then test its ability...

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required for the correct use of an automatic micropipette.

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required for the correct use of an automatic micropipette. 1) check that the pipette is...

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required in the sodium borohydride reduction of camphor to isoborneol.

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required in the sodium borohydride reduction of camphor to isoborneol. 1. dissolve camphor...

What does the value of the molar extinction coefficient, ε, reveal?

What does the value of the molar extinction coefficient, ε, reveal? Answer: the strength at which a solution of the sample absorbs light at a...

What are min and max values of wavelength in UVB region?

What are min and max values of wavelength in UVB region? Answer: 290-315 ...

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required to generate a low molecular mass ester, and to characterize it by smell.

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required to generate a low molecular mass ester, and to characterize it by smell. 1) add...

How does adding a Brønsted acid help the reaction?

How does adding a Brønsted acid help the reaction? a) Once protonated, the hydroxyl group of the alcohol becomes more susceptible to attack by the...

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required to convert benzoic acid into methyl benzoate via a Fischer esterification.

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required to convert benzoic acid into methyl benzoate via a Fischer esterification. 1) dissolve...

Methyl benzoate undergoes a nitration by electrophilic aromatic substitution when reacted with a mixture of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids. List the procedural steps in order to convert methyl benzoate into methyl nitrobenzoate.

Methyl benzoate undergoes a nitration by electrophilic aromatic substitution when reacted with a mixture of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids....

2-Butanone is converted into 3-methyl-3-hexanol using a Grignard reagent prepared from 1-bromopropane and magnesium metal in THF solution. List the procedural steps required to collect the alcohol product by microdistillation.

2-Butanone is converted into 3-methyl-3-hexanol using a Grignard reagent prepared from 1-bromopropane and magnesium metal in THF solution. List the...

In a Grignard reagent, the bond between carbon and magnesium is covalent, but highly polarized. Complete the sentence: Therefore, the carbon reacts as if it was a and is a and a good __.

In a Grignard reagent, the bond between carbon and magnesium is covalent, but highly polarized. Complete the sentence: Therefore, the carbon reacts...

Grignard reactions are highly exothermic and are performed in ether solvent. There is a real risk of fire during this reaction. In the case that a fire should occur in your distillation apparatus, what is the best course of action?

Grignard reactions are highly exothermic and are performed in ether solvent. There is a real risk of fire during this reaction. In the case that a fire...

Why are ethers commonly used as a solvent for Grignard reagent preparations?

Why are ethers commonly used as a solvent for Grignard reagent preparations? a) Ethers are non-toxic and non-flammable. b) Ether's high vapor pressure...

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required to convert 2-butanone into 3-methyl-3-hexanol using a Grignard reagent prepared from 1-bromopropane and magnesium metal.

List the procedural steps, from start to finish, that are required to convert 2-butanone into 3-methyl-3-hexanol using a Grignard reagent prepared from...

During the preparation of a tertiary alcohol by a Grignard reaction, the reaction mixture was shaken with saturated sodium chloride solution. What is the purpose of the saturated sodium chloride solution?

During the preparation of a tertiary alcohol by a Grignard reaction, the reaction mixture was shaken with saturated sodium chloride solution. What is...

Benzophenone reacts with phenylmagnesium bromide in ether solution to make triphenylmethanol after acid workup. Which of the following experimental mistakes will decrease the effectiveness of a Grignard reaction?

Benzophenone reacts with phenylmagnesium bromide in ether solution to make triphenylmethanol after acid workup. Which of the following experimental...

Which of the following statements about semi-empirical methods are true:

Which of the following statements about semi-empirical methods are true: a) it gives an exact solution to quantum mechanical equations b) some experimentally...

Which of the following statements relates the value and magnitude of ΔHf to stability of a product?

Which of the following statements relates the value and magnitude of ΔHf to stability of a product? a) a large negative value of ΔHf indicates a...

Which of the following statements about the ratio of products formed by a reaction under kinetic control are true?

Which of the following statements about the ratio of products formed by a reaction under kinetic control are true? a) the ratio of products is not...

In the NaBH4 reduction of camphor:

In the NaBH4 reduction of camphor: a. The NaBH4 reduced the carbonyl group by adding a proton (H+) to the carbonyl carbon. b. The NaBH4 reduced the...

A mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid was added to an equimolar mixture of C6H6, C6H6Z, C6H6Y. After warming and stirring for a few minutes the nitrated products were analyzed and found to consist of the products C6H4YNO2, C6H5NO2, and C6H4ZNO2 in the ratio of 750:30:1, respectively. Which of the following can be deduced from this data?

A mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid was added to an equimolar mixture of C6H6, C6H6Z, C6H6Y. After warming and stirring for a few minutes the...

Which one is not a derivative of carboxylic acids?

Which one is not a derivative of carboxylic acids? a. esters b. carboxylic acid anhydrides c. acid chlorides d. amides e. Schiff's base Answer: e....

Low molecular weight esters have fruity flavors and odors. Why do esters, which have higher molecular weights than carboxylic acids, have lower boiling points than the carboxylic acids they were made from?

Low molecular weight esters have fruity flavors and odors. Why do esters, which have higher molecular weights than carboxylic acids, have lower boiling...

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct? a. Thermodynamic control results in more stable intermediate/product being formed. b. Thermodynamic...

A carbonyl compound gave a positive silver mirror test with Tollens' reagent. It also gave a yellow precipitate in the iodoform test. The compound is most likely:

A carbonyl compound gave a positive silver mirror test with Tollens' reagent. It also gave a yellow precipitate in the iodoform test. The compound is...

In the aldol condensation lab, you examined a molecular model of the aldol product, tetraphenylcyclopentadienone, TPCP. The model showed that the phenyl groups were not in the same plane as the cyclopentadienone ring or the other phenyl groups. What is the major factor preventing a planar structure from being lowest in energy?

In the aldol condensation lab, you examined a molecular model of the aldol product, tetraphenylcyclopentadienone, TPCP. The model showed that the phenyl...

Excess ethylamine is needed in the synthesis of simazine in order to:

Excess ethylamine is needed in the synthesis of simazine in order to: a. ensure complete nucleophilic substitution of the cyanuric chloride b. neutralize...

Which test results as positive for aldehydes by producing a wine‐purple solution?

Which test results as positive for aldehydes by producing a wine‐purple solution? a. the Schiff's reagent b. the Tollens' test c. the 2,4‐DNP test d....

The solution in which the fabric was placed in the indigo experiment was

The solution in which the fabric was placed in the indigo experiment was a. deep blue b. purple c. clear d. a cloudy suspension e. a and d Answer: c....

Can we use other alcohols as a solvent for synthesis of methyl benzoate by Fischer Esterification instead of using methanol?

Can we use other alcohols as a solvent for synthesis of methyl benzoate by Fischer Esterification instead of using methanol? a. Yes, we can because...

When performing the nitration of methyl benzoate, methyl m‐nitrobenzoate was formed. It is possible to introduce a second nitro group to form the dinitrated product. This was largely avoided because:

When performing the nitration of methyl benzoate, methyl m‐nitrobenzoate was formed. It is possible to introduce a second nitro group to form the dinitrated...

Since indigo is highly insoluble, it must first be reduced to form a water‐soluble derivative, leucoindigo, to be used as a fabric dye. Which reagent did you use to reduce indigo?

Since indigo is highly insoluble, it must first be reduced to form a water‐soluble derivative, leucoindigo, to be used as a fabric dye. Which reagent...

Why is UVC sunlight less dangerous to humans than UVB even if the energy of UVC radiation is higher?

Why is UVC sunlight less dangerous to humans than UVB even if the energy of UVC radiation is higher? a. The UVC radiation is absorbed by ozone in...

When a reaction is under kinetic control, the observed product ratio is controlled by:

When a reaction is under kinetic control, the observed product ratio is controlled by: a. stabilities of the products b. relative energies of the...

The ammonium chloride solution was used in the Grignard reaction to:

The ammonium chloride solution was used in the Grignard reaction to: a. facilitate formation of the Grignard reagent b. hydrolyze the magnesium alkoxide...

A purple color develops as soon as all reactants are mixed together for the aldol condensation of benzil and dibenzyl ketone. This color is due to:

A purple color develops as soon as all reactants are mixed together for the aldol condensation of benzil and dibenzyl ketone. This color is due to: a....

Amide bonds in living systems are hydrolyzed under _______.

Amide bonds in living systems are hydrolyzed under _______. a. enzymatic conditions b. acidic conditions c. rough conditions d. basic conditions e....

The absorbance of a compound with a concentration 7.5 mM at 330 nm is 1.5. If the path length was 1 cm, what is the extinction coefficient of the compound at 330 nm?

The absorbance of a compound with a concentration 7.5 mM at 330 nm is 1.5. If the path length was 1 cm, what is the extinction coefficient of the compound...

The analogy between a chemical bond and a mechanical spring is very approximate, since electrons and atoms are governed by _______.

The analogy between a chemical bond and a mechanical spring is very approximate, since electrons and atoms are governed by _______. a. kinetic control b....

In the borohydride reduction of camphor, borneol is:

In the borohydride reduction of camphor, borneol is: a. the major product because endo attack is less favorable b. the minor product because an axial...

The grignard reagent may be viewed as a

The grignard reagent may be viewed as a a. strong base b. strong acid c. weak base d. weak acid e. neutral reagent Answer: a. strong ba...

You are trying to carry out the acid‐catalyzed esterification of benzoic acid with ethanol. Which of the following would not lead to a higher yield of the ester?

You are trying to carry out the acid‐catalyzed esterification of benzoic acid with ethanol. Which of the following would not lead to a higher yield...

The aldol reaction between dibenzyl ketone and benzil is synthetically useful because of which of the following?

The aldol reaction between dibenzyl ketone and benzil is synthetically useful because of which of the following? a. The two carbonyl compounds have...

What do you get when you combine acetic acid with ethanol and sulfuric acid and heat in a warm water bath for 15 minutes?

What do you get when you combine acetic acid with ethanol and sulfuric acid and heat in a warm water bath for 15 minutes? a. ethyl acetate b. propionic...

A KMnO4 test on the basic hydrolysis products of aspartame will detect the presence of

A KMnO4 test on the basic hydrolysis products of aspartame will detect the presence of a. methyl alcohol b. amide bonds c. ethanol d. free amines e....

UV‐Vis spectroscopy detects _______ of conjugated systems.

UV‐Vis spectroscopy detects _______ of conjugated systems. a. vibrations b. nuclear transitions c. electronic transitions d. none of these e. all...

In the addition of the HBr to butadiene, which product is the product of kinetic control?

In the addition of the HBr to butadiene, which product is the product of kinetic control? a. 1,4‐dibromo‐2‐butane b. 1‐bromo‐3‐butene c. 1‐bromo‐2‐butene d....

Which test gives a positive result for all ketones and a negative result for all aldehydes?

Which test gives a positive result for all ketones and a negative result for all aldehydes? a. Iodoform test b. 2,4‐Dinitrophenylhydrazine test c....

In comparison to LiAlH4, sodium borohydride is a _ reducing agent that is capable of reducing _.

In comparison to LiAlH4, sodium borohydride is a _______ reducing agent that is capable of reducing _______. a. milder; amides and carboxylic acids b....

The reaction of a Grignard reagent with an aldehyde produces a _ alcohol and the reaction of a Grignard reagent with a ketone produces a _ alcohol.

The reaction of a Grignard reagent with an aldehyde produces a _______ alcohol and the reaction of a Grignard reagent with a ketone produces a _______...

Which of the following polymers is a polyester comprising of identical repeating units?

Which of the following polymers is a polyester comprising of identical repeating units? a. wool b. dacron 54 c. cotton d. creslan e. nylon Answer: b....

In Peptides and Amino Acids experiment, _______ is used as a visualization indicator on the TLC plates?

In Peptides and Amino Acids experiment, _______ is used as a visualization indicator on the TLC plates? a. ninhydrin b. Barrit's reagent c. Dragondorf's...

In general, _______ are para or ortho directors in electrophilic aromatic substitution.

In general, _______ are para or ortho directors in electrophilic aromatic substitution. I. Strong electron‐donating groups II. Strong electron‐withdrawing...

To obtain the UV spectra of sunscreen ingredients, we dissolved the samples in:

To obtain the UV spectra of sunscreen ingredients, we dissolved the samples in: a. ethanol b. hexanes c. water d. methanol e. isopropyl alcohol Answer: e....

Which test is positive for all ketones?

Which test is positive for all ketones? a. Schiff's test b. Iodoform test c. Tollens' test d. Semicarbazone test e. none of these Answer: d....

In the borohydride reduction of camphor, NaBH4 provides _______ to reduce camphor.

In the borohydride reduction of camphor, NaBH4 provides _______ to reduce camphor. a. H- b. H+ c. Hradical d. H2 e. H2O Answer: a. ...

In order to determine whether the desired product type was produced in the Grignard Reaction, you obtained an IR spectrum. The main peak that should have been absent was at approximately:

In order to determine whether the desired product type was produced in the Grignard Reaction, you obtained an IR spectrum. The main peak that should...

The correct order of decreasing reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives toward nucleophiles is:

The correct order of decreasing reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives toward nucleophiles is: a. ester > amide > acid chloride b. amide...

What is the intermediate formed during the reaction of the aldehyde and the base in the first step of the aldol condensation?

What is the intermediate formed during the reaction of the aldehyde and the base in the first step of the aldol condensation? a. a enol b. an aldol c....

Which of the following chemicals will not react with Grignard Reagent?

Which of the following chemicals will not react with Grignard Reagent? a. water b. carbon dioxide c. ethyl ester d. acetone e. diethyl ether Answer: e....

The hydrolysis of esters can be done by both acid or base catalysis, however esterification of carboxylic acids can only be done by acid catalysis. Why is this?

The hydrolysis of esters can be done by both acid or base catalysis, however esterification of carboxylic acids can only be done by acid catalysis....

Why is it beneficial to use a logarithmic scale to measure pH?

Why is it beneficial to use a logarithmic scale to measure pH? A - It is easy to calculate B - A wider range of values can be measured C - It is not...

Which of the following is a strong acid?

Which of the following is a strong acid? A - CH3COO- B - CH3COOH C - OH- D - HCl Answer: D - HCl An ACID is any sort of molecule which will...

The pH scale is a way of measuring _______.

The pH scale is a way of measuring _______. A - Concentration B - Acidity C - Volume D - Time Answer: B - Acidity It is measuring the concentration...

The pH scale is a _______ scale.

The pH scale is a _______ scale. A - Weight B - Pound C - Newton D - Logarithmic Answer: D - Logarithmic A logarithmic scale is used so that...

Which of the following is a strong base?

Which of the following is a strong base? A - NaOH B - NaCl C - NaHCO3 D - H+ Answer: A - NaOH A BASE is any type of molecule which can accept...

Which of the following is an example of diffusion?

Which of the following is an example of diffusion? A - Salt dissolving in water without stirring B - Cells exploding in a hypo-tonic solution C -...

Which of the following is NOT true?

Which of the following is NOT true? A - Molecules will try to move so that there is equilibrium of concentration in all parts of a solution B - Solute...

What would you expect to happen to a piece of celery you put into a hyper-tonic solution?

What would you expect to happen to a piece of celery you put into a hyper-tonic solution? A - It would shrivel up B - It would crack in half C - It...

Which of the following is responsible for swelling our hands after exercising?

Which of the following is responsible for swelling our hands after exercising? A - Unsaturation B - Osmosis C - Saturation D - Diffusion Answer: b...

What do you think would happen if you added a sugar crystal to a supersaturated solution of sugar in water?

What do you think would happen if you added a sugar crystal to a supersaturated solution of sugar in water? A - Rock candy would form; the sugar...

Which of the following solutes would NOT form a solution if added to water?

Which of the following solutes would NOT form a solution if added to water? A - NH3 (ammonia) B - NaCl (sodium chloride) C - KCl (potassium chloride) D...

Which of the following is NOT a hydrophobic substance?

Which of the following is NOT a hydrophobic substance? A - C3H8 (propane) B - C2H6 (ethane) C - CH3CO2H (acetic acid) D - C6H6 (benzene) E - CH4 (methane) Answer: C...

We call a substance that is being dissolved into another substance a

We call a substance that is being dissolved into another substance a A - Solution B - Solvent C - Solute D - Dissolving agent Answer: C -...

When a substance dissolves another substance, it is the ______________.

When a substance dissolves another substance, it is the ______________. A - Solvent B - Dissolving agent C - Solution D - Solute Answer: A...

When one substance is dissolved in another substance, a _____ is formed.

When one substance is dissolved in another substance, a _____ is formed. A - Solution B - Reaction C - Solvent D - Solute Answer: A - Solution A...

Why is solid water (ice) less dense than liquid water?

Why is solid water (ice) less dense than liquid water? A - The hydrogen bonds between water molecules are formed and held (or frozen) farther apart...

Which of the following statements accurately describe ice: I. Ice is denser than water. II. Hydrogen bonds hold ice molecules closer together than they do liquid water molecules. III. Ice has a crystalline structure.

Which of the following statements accurately describe ice:I. Ice is denser than water. II. Hydrogen bonds hold ice molecules closer together than they...

Which of the following concepts help explain why water can travel up a narrow tube? I. Cohesion II. Adhesion III. Specific gravity

Which of the following concepts help explain why water can travel up a narrow tube? I. Cohesion II. Adhesion III. Specific gravity A - I, II, and...

Water's ability to move against gravity in a narrow space, such as a tube, is called

Water's ability to move against gravity in a narrow space, such as a tube, is called A - Hydrogen bonding B - Osmosis C - Capillary action D - Cohesion Answer: C...

Which of the following properties explain why a city near the Pacific Ocean experiences less dramatic changes in temperature during the day compared to a city farther inland? I. Water forms hydrogen bonds II. Water has a low specific heat III. Water has a high surface tension

Which of the following properties explain why a city near the Pacific Ocean experiences less dramatic changes in temperature during the day compared...

What is an electron shell?

What is an electron shell? A - A hard container holding electrons close to the nucleus B - The space around the nucleus where the electrons are most...

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is true? A - Electrons circle the nucleus in predictable orbits like Earth around the sun B - Electrons can be...

If Argon is a noble gas and its atomic number is 18, how many electrons can be found in the valence level?

If Argon is a noble gas and its atomic number is 18, how many electrons can be found in the valence level? A - 18 B - 36 C - 8 D - 6 Answer: C...

Given the following information, which element(s) are most likely to lose electrons? I. Iodine is a member of Group VII II. Strontium is located in the second column of the periodic table III. Selenium has six valence electrons

Given the following information, which element(s) are most likely to lose electrons? I. Iodine is a member of Group VII II. Strontium is located in...

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 2s orbital?

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 2s orbital? A - 2 B - 3 C - 8 D - 6 Answer: A - 2 Orbitals are forms of energy...

What does the atomic number represent?

What does the atomic number represent? A - Number of protons B - Total number of electrons, protons, and neutrons C - Number of electrons D - Total...

An element is defined by the number of

An element is defined by the number of A - Neutrons B - Ions C - Protons D - Electrons E - Chemical bonds Answer: C - Protons This refers to...

Which of the following has a positive charge and a mass of one?

Which of the following has a positive charge and a mass of one? A - Element B - Electron C - Proton D - neutron Answer: C - Proton Protons...

Particles that are found in the atomic nucleus are

Particles that are found in the atomic nucleus are A - Protons and electrons B - Neutrons and electrons C - Protons and neutrons D - Protons, neutrons,...

If only one type of atom makes up a substance, what can you call this substance?

If only one type of atom makes up a substance, what can you call this substance? A - An element B - A neutron C - A proton D - A compound Answer: A...

About how much of our body is made up of macro-minerals?

About how much of our body is made up of macro-minerals? A - 4% B - 10% C - .001% D - 1% E - 25% Answer: A - 4% These are inorganic ionic...

Why is oxygen important?

Why is oxygen important? A - We need it to participate in cellular respiration B - it provides the "backbone " of DNA C - It helps build strong teeth...

What are trace elements?

What are trace elements? A - Elements that only play a small role in our bodies B - None are correct C - Elements that are rare but essential D -...

What role does carbon play in the body?

What role does carbon play in the body? A - It forms the four bases of DNA B - It provides the "backbone" of DNA C - It builds large, complex molecules D...

About how many years does it take for your body to replace all of its molecules?

About how many years does it take for your body to replace all of its molecules? A - 7 B - 14 C - 1 D - 5 E - 10 Answer: A - 7 We eat and...

Which of the following is a definition of matter?

Which of the following is a definition of matter? A - Anything that weighs more than ten pounds B - Anything that has no atoms C - None of these...

How many elements are there?

How many elements are there? A - None of these answers B - 200 C - 118 D - 133 E - 121 Answer: C - 118 Most occur naturally on Earth but...

Which of the following is a correct definition of an element?

Which of the following is a correct definition of an element? A - A substance with no atoms. B - A substance with pure metal properties C - A pure...

Which of the following is made up of one or more elements?

Which of the following is made up of one or more elements? A - Newspaper B - A computer C - All of these are correct D - Food E - Hair Answer: C...

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is true? A - Elements are the building blocks of all matter B- Elements cannot combine together C - Elements cannot...

As temperatures increase, random molecular motion _, kinetic energy of molecules , entropy ____.

As temperatures increase, random molecular motion _____, kinetic energy of molecules ______, entropy ______. Answer: increase, increase, inc...

A solution always evaporates more slowly than a pure solvent because ____

A solution always evaporates more slowly than a pure solvent because ____ Answer: its vapor pressure is lower and its molecules escape less ...

The higher the temp., the ____ the number of molecules that have enough energy to escape.

The higher the temp., the ____ the number of molecules that have enough energy to escape. Answer: larg...

Use the _____ of a compound to calculate the number of atoms in a sample of a given compound.

Use the _____ of a compound to calculate the number of atoms in a sample of a given compound. Answer: chemical formu...

Calculate ____ of a compound if you are give grams of a compound.

Calculate ____ of a compound if you are give grams of a compound. Answer: Mol...

Calculate ____ of a compound if you are given moles of a compound.

Calculate ____ of a compound if you are given moles of a compound. Answer: Gra...

Halogens typically like to form ______ bond.

Halogens typically like to form ______ bond. Answer: ...

Oxygen likes to form _____ bonds.

Oxygen likes to form _____ bonds. Answer: ...

Nitrogen likes to form _____ bonds.

Nitrogen likes to form _____ bonds. Answer: ...

Carbon likes to form ______ bonds.

Carbon likes to form ______ bonds. Answer: ...

Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and fluorine _______ the octet rule.

Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and fluorine _______ the octet rule. Answer: follow (Boron often does no...

Hydrogen ________ follow the octet rule.

Hydrogen ________ follow the octet rule. Answer: does n...

Oxygen is the _____________ electronegative.

Oxygen is the _____________ electronegative. Answer: second most (value of 3.5 ato...

Fluorine is the _______ electronegative.

Fluorine is the _______ electronegative. Answer: most (value of 4.0 ato...

We use a ______________ to indicate the # of charges on a cation.

We use a ______________ to indicate the # of charges on a cation. Answer: Roman numeral in parenthes...

Ions of ________ charge attract of one another.

Ions of ________ charge attract of one another. Answer: opposi...

As the strength of IMF's increases, solubility _____.

As the strength of IMF's increases, solubility _____. Answer: decreas...

As the strength of IMF's increases, boiling point _____.

As the strength of IMF's increases, boiling point _____. Answer: increas...

Intramolecular forces are responsible for _____ properties of materials.

Intramolecular forces are responsible for _____ properties of materials. Answer: physic...

London dispersion is generally a ______ force.

London dispersion is generally a ______ force. Answer: we...

The more spread out the molecule is (the longer the chain), the ________ there is available for London dispersion forces.

The more spread out the molecule is (the longer the chain), the ________ there is available for London dispersion forces. Answer: surface a...

The larger/heavier the molecule, the _ polarizable it is, and the _ the London dispersion forces.

The larger/heavier the molecule, the _____ polarizable it is, and the _____ the London dispersion forces. Answer: more; strong...

Dipole-dipole strength of force _____ as the polarity of the molecule increases.

Dipole-dipole strength of force _____ as the polarity of the molecule increases. Answer: increas...

A maximum of electrons can occupy each molecular orbital, and their spins are _.

A maximum of ____ electrons can occupy each molecular orbital, and their spins are _____. Answer: 2; pair...

Electrons occupy molecular orbitals beginning with the molecular orbital of the _____ energy.

Electrons occupy molecular orbitals beginning with the molecular orbital of the _____ energy. Answer: lowe...

Molecular orbitals are to molecules what atomic orbitals are to _____.

Molecular orbitals are to molecules what atomic orbitals are to _____. Answer: ato...

A triple bond consists of ______ bonds.

A triple bond consists of ______ bonds. Answer: 1 sigma and 2 ...

A double bond consists of ______ bonds.

A double bond consists of ______ bonds. Answer: 1 sigma and 1 ...

A single bond consists of _____ bond.

A single bond consists of _____ bond. Answer: 1 sig...

Determine the hybridization of an atom based on the ________.

Determine the hybridization of an atom based on the ________. Answer: number of electron domai...

The ______ the amount of orbital overlap, the strong the bond.

The ______ the amount of orbital overlap, the strong the bond. Answer: great...

Electron pair in the overlapping orbitals is ________ atoms.

Electron pair in the overlapping orbitals is ________ atoms. Answer: shared by bo...

Covalent bonds are formed by ____, each of which contains of _ spin. The two overlapping lobes must be _______.

Covalent bonds are formed by ________, each of which contains ________ of _______ spin.The two overlapping lobes must be _________. Answer: overlap;...

CO2 is a _______ molecule.

CO2 is a _______ molecule. Answer: non-pol...

H2O is a ________ molecule.

H2O is a ________ molecule. Answer: pol...

If a molecule contains bonds, but the dipole moments for those bonds point ________, the dipole moments cancel and there is no net dipole moment on the molecule.

If a molecule contains ______ bonds, but the dipole moments for those bonds point ______________, the dipole moments cancel and there is no net dipole...

Consider the ____________ of a molecule in order to determine if it has a net dipole moment.

Consider the ____________ of a molecule in order to determine if it has a net dipole moment. Answer: geomet...

A molecule that contains polar bonds __________ a polar molecule.

A molecule that contains polar bonds __________ a polar molecule. Answer: may or may not ...

Mol/mol ratios allow us to convert between ____________.

Mol/mol ratios allow us to convert between ____________. Answer: different compoun...

Use the _________ of a compound to calculate the number of atoms in a sample of a given compound.

Use the _________ of a compound to calculate the number of atoms in a sample of a given compound. Answer: chemical equati...

Calculate moles of a compound if you are given _______ of a compound.

Calculate moles of a compound if you are given _______ of a compound. Answer: gra...

Moles can be used to convert between ____________ of compounds.

Moles can be used to convert between ____________ of compounds. Answer: molecular level particles and macroscopic masses of compounds. ...

Calculate grams of a compound if you are given _____ of a compound.

Calculate grams of a compound if you are given _____ of a compound. Answer: mol...

The _____ dictates the yield of a reaction.

The _____ dictates the yield of a reaction. Answer: limiting reacta...

____ is the amount of a particular product recovered in a chemical reaction.

____ is the amount of a particular product recovered in a chemical reaction. Answer: Actual Yie...

_____ is the expected amount of a particular product based on reaction stoichiometry.

_____ is the expected amount of a particular product based on reaction stoichiometry. Answer: Theoretical Yie...

___ is the amount of product formed in a chemical reaction.

___ is the amount of product formed in a chemical reaction. Answer: Yie...

Need the empirical formula and the ____ to calculate the molecular formula.

Need the empirical formula and the ____ to calculate the molecular formula. Answer: molar ma...

The _____ is the actual ratio of atoms in the substance, multiple of the empirical formula, can be identical to empirical formula.

The _____ is the actual ratio of atoms in the substance, multiple of the empirical formula, can be identical to empirical formula. Answer: Molecular...